The Early Days
Electronic Mail or Email has come a long way from its humble beginning at MIT Labs in the early 1960s. The first RFC (Request for Comments) for an email standard was proposed as early as 1973 (RFC 561) and the world’s first SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) RFC 821 was put together in 1982.
RFC 821 was very important because it allowed SMTP (Server) to SMTP (Server) communication for email, which was on the store-and-forward basis, where the client (user) need not be online at all times for the email message to be communicated across.
Towards the late end of 1980s and very early 1990s, email was being served via various communication networks like BITnet, CompuServe, FidoNet, NSFNet, et. al.
The 1990s
In the early 1990s, email was limited and used predominantly by the academia and research institutes and large businesses. It was not the mainstream communication media. The facsimile ruled at the time.
The evolution of email into mainstream was very much dependent on the web browser that you and I take for granted. It wasn’t until 1991 when Tim Berners-Lee wrote the first WWW browser on, ironically, a NeXT computer, and until 1993 when Marc Andreessen released the Mosiac browser – which was multi-platform- that it came into its own.
This led to a exponential growth of the Internet in the proverbial sense and everyone wanted to get on the bandwagon.
Email for the Masses
Towards the mid 90s three very important events happened:
- The eventual collapse of CompuServe as the email/communication medium. Why pay so much when so much more was available on a non-proprietary network where everyone could join in.
- AOL – America Online! Everyone remembers the 3.5” floppy disk mailed to your address to freely signup and get on the AOL so you can be on the Internet.
- Hotmail was introduced.
Each of the above three factors led to an explosion in communication. Free email was unheard of before. CompuServe was fast becoming history, and you had your neighborhood ISP or AOL to get you online, and with AOL, came the famous “You’ve Got Mail” (AOL Mail).
TCP/IP was clearly winning. Any disparate network running any other protocol other than TCP/IP would either collapse, or adopt TCP/IP to survive. Most opted for the former and withered away into oblivion.
Email Client Software and Email Server Software (or MTA – Mail Transfer Agent) software were being developed at lightning speed. The big boys Novell, Microsoft, IBM, Sun, SCO Unix (remember them), Lotus Software, Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC), etc.

Early examples of email includes cc:Mail, Lantastic, WordPerfect Office, Microsoft Mail, Banyan VINES and Lotus Notes.
As more and more users adopted email for their daily communication, business cards started to see the “@” symbol.
The Millennium Change
In early 2000, email went mobile. With the release of BlackBerry, for the first time business users could now send/receive email on the go. As the mobile market literally exploded by 2005/2006 towards the end of the decade, the distinction between a handheld device and a home PC was shortening – not as in power but as in the ability to do the same task while on the go. Email was still on top of the list.
With the release of the iPhone, Android mobile platforms, and tablet PCs, email was now virtually available on every device and where ever the Internet could be accessed – Wifi, Mobile or Wired line.
The most surprising thing was that despite the advances of Web 2.0 and more powerful graphics and multimedia capability of the Internet, the basic premise of email had still not changed.
What has evolved is how email is being used. From status updates to mini-blog entries, for CRM and Sales, etc, email is now being used for a whole lot of other purposes than the original one-on-one communication.
Instant Messaging (or IM) has on the flip side evolved to an extent that it sometimes mimics email (depending on where IM is being used). However, the email still remains. We all have our respective email addresses (I say with a plural, because it seems, the more the merrier).
Ever Evolving Email
The future of email however, has become a difficult thing to predict or extrapolate based on the current scenario.
Given a 20 year working history of mainstream email, it has not changed much. Aesthetics aside, it still remains the same. Email still consists of the From, the To, the Subject and the Body (Content). The basic email structure is still very much there as it was 20 or so years ago.
What can be said with a lot of certainty, is that the email has become mobile. No longer is it attached to a server and a client in some physical location. Today, you just access email, and never really give a thought as to where it is physically, in which city or data-center. We are oblivious to such information.
Besides being mobile, email usage has also evolved. It is now used more so for ‘forwarding & sharing’ of documents, schedules, sales leads, website inquiries, form submissions done on the web, customer support requests, daily news snippets and feeds, group communication, etc.
When GMail was announced on 1st April 2004, everyone anticipated the next killer email application. It wasn’t. It was just more space, without the use of folders and some added advertising. Take a look at Hotmail or Yahoo! Mail from the early days to and compare it to present and you will notice that nothing much has changed other than the GUI and the storage, etc.
Email Killer?
Facebook recently launched their own email and they had to specifically cite, that it was not a GMail killer, but just an extension of Facebook’s communication medium. So much for hype. You can call it embedded email or converged email. Big deal? Evidently it is.

So is anyone working on the next-generation email? That’s a tough one to answer. You have companies like Xobni (Inbox spelled backwards), that essentially, for lack of a better term, just data mines your Outlook, and presents some interesting information. Certainly not an email killer.
Google Wave? Quite possibly the next generation email, for sure. Its a viable candidate.
However, it did meet an unfortunate death, because of the lack of interest by users (who found it too cumbersome and complicated).
Google however believes in reincarnation. It is not actively promoting it or developing it ….yet!
The Wave is still alive and kept on a pedestal nearby. I can bet you a dollar, that Google in the next 1-2 years will revive the Google Wave project, maybe in bits and pieces or full blown, but it will definitely revive it.
The double-edged sword called email: On one hand we want simplicity, on the other hand, we want the next generation of email because we are sick and tired of the present one.
The Future of Email
All bets today are pointing at a converged email system, one that takes the traditional email and converges it with other forms of messaging (be it SMS, Instant Messaging or messaging from various Social Networks).
Facebook Messages is attempting to do just that – convergence! Allocation of more eye-balls to their domain rather than your favorite email application, directly translates to more revenue for Facebook. So evidently, it is a big deal, we are just numb to it all right now, as the roll-out worldwide for Facebook Messages is very slowly happening.
Google and Microsoft (the two other competing giants) and possible Yahoo! are not sitting still either. They too see this eminent threat of moving eyeballs away from their domains onto Facebook’s domain as a direct revenue threat and are working on ways to implement convergence on their respective properties.
In the 21st century – its all about revenue and valuations. The more time one spends on a certain domain property, the more valuable it becomes. Facebook with its nearly 600 million user base is already the top site on the web for traffic and time spent. Now move email into Facebook’s domain, and it becomes merrier.
Google and Microsoft have the edge, because they have the browser, however, with monopolistic practice lawsuits only a snap-of-the-fingers away, don’t expect Chrome or IE to natively support email that would converge all the social sites and email services into one.
Social Browsers may just be the key to merging the social networks, email and Instant Messaging all into one.
The truth is in 2005 email was no different than it is now. Five year prior to that in 2000 it was still no different. The GUI may have changed, but the basic premise remains the same. Five years from now – I believe the basic premise will still remain the same, however, the email client will meet some form of a merger with the social platforms and instant messaging platforms.
There might be an email killer application right around the corner, or perhaps it may never come. Email is still gluing us to each other for communication. How it shapes up in the near future, remains to be seen.
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